Seeing the Glory
Transfiguration Sermon- Kingdom Glances
The verb can also mean ‘to remain awake’, and this possibility deserves consideration, in which case the sense would be that although the disciples were extremely sleepy they nevertheless managed to stay awake. But the sense is unaffected; in either case, the disciples failed to take in the message about the ‘exodus’ and only saw the glory of Jesus and the fact that he was accompanied by the two men standing with him (συνίστημι*); the prophecy of glory in 9:26 is substantiated.
The transfiguration of Jesus offers a glimpse of what is possible, not only for Jesus, but for all humanity. For this reason, the last verse in this narrative is somewhat disappointing, or maybe just puzzling. The reader might presume, or at least hope, the disciples finally comprehended the import of the transfiguration; but whatever they understood, they did not act on it. They kept to themselves and told no one (v. 36). So the significance of Jesus’ very public healing of the boy with an unclean spirit in the verses just after Luke’s transfiguration narrative is heightened.
So we might say that in the transfiguration event Jesus is clear about his mission, which continues the redemptive work of God from the exodus through the end times.
The account of the transfiguration is often interpreted as a story of an appearance by the resurrected Jesus that has been read back into his earthly ministry, but that interpretation seems unwarranted. In this account, Jesus and the disciples go up the mountain together, while in the appearance narratives Jesus suddenly appears or is revealed to the others who have gathered without him. Furthermore, the resurrection accounts include a commission to the disciples (e.g., 24:46–48), and not words from heaven about Jesus. Finally, the change in Jesus’ appearance in this account is only temporary; once back at the base of the mountain, he returns to his usual self.
The story of Jesus’ baptism (3:21–22) also tells of a heavenly voice that declares Jesus’ identity. There the voice is addressed to Jesus (“You are my Son”) as a call into his ministry. Here the voice speaks about Jesus to those who will have to carry on his ministry. They are told to listen to him while they can. It is an ominous conclusion to the Galilean ministry!
We need sermons that point to the God who is at work transfiguring the creation now marked by suffering and death. Shown in glory with Moses and Elijah, two great figures of Israel’s past, Jesus is revealed as the culmination of the story of a God who comes, again and again, to rescue God’s people. Preachers might explicitly name ways in which the transfigured Jesus becomes present to a community not fully awake to the promises of God. Through the gifts of worship and sacraments, prayer and fellowship, service and work for justice and peace, the cloud of Jesus’ glory envelops weary disciples. Look, the preacher proclaims: here shines the one in whom there is power to overcome death. Good news!
Common to Matthew and Luke is the interest in Jesus’ face. Both use the word πρόσωπον (“face,” Luke 9:29*; Matt 17:2*).
The first part of the event, the transfiguration and the conversation with Moses and Elijah (vv. 29–31*), is to be seen; but the second part, with the divine voice (vv. 34–35*), is to be heard. The group of three disciples sees the glory of the other group of three, and hears the heavenly voice; both of the disciples’ reactions (vv. 32*, 36*) are structured symmetrically. The only individual episode that has no symmetrical counterpart is Peter’s odd suggestion (v. 33*). The structure that results should not be seen as a static chiasm, but as a dynamic process from a supernatural sign (vv. 29–31*) to its divine interpretation (vv. 34–35*).
Various interpretations, which reflect discomfort on the part of the exegetes, have attempted to determine the genre of the account: an enthronement scene (Harald Riesenfeld), a prophetic (Félix Gils) or apocalyptic (Maurits Sabbe) vision, a divine epiphany (R. Silva), a midrash (L. F. Rivera), or a cult narrative (R. Hollis Gause).