Ang Ikaanim na Utos: Heidelberg Catechism Lord's Day 40 (Questions 105-107)

Question 105. What does God require in the sixth commandment?

I am not to dishonour, hate, injure, or kill my neighbour by thoughts, words, or gestures, and much less by deeds, whether personally or through another; rather, I am to put away all desire of revenge. Moreover, I am not to harm or recklessly endanger myself. Therefore, also, the government bears the sword to prevent murder.

Tanong 105. Ano ang hinihingi ng Diyos sa ika-anim na utos?

Na hindi ko ilalagay sa kahihiyan, kamumuhian, sasaktan, o papatayin ang aking kapwa sa isip, sa salita, o sa pag-amba, at lalo na sa paggawa, sa pamamagitan ko man o ng iba; sa halip, isasantabi ko ang lahat ng pagnanasang maghiganti. Higit pa rito, hindi ko rin sasaktan o ilalagay sa panganib ang aking sarili dahil sa kakulangan ng pag-iingat. Kung kaya ang pamahalaan din ay nasasandatahan upang pigilan ang pagpatay.

Genesis 9:6 (ESV)

“Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man shall his blood be shed, for God made man in his own image.”

Leviticus 19:17–18 (ESV)

“You shall not hate your brother in your heart, but you shall reason frankly with your neighbor, lest you incur sin because of him. You shall not take vengeance or bear a grudge against the sons of your own people, but you shall love your neighbor as yourself: I am the Lord.”

Matthew 5:21–22 (ESV)

“You have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not murder; and whoever murders will be liable to judgment.’ But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.”

2 Prov 25:21, 22; Mt 18:35; Rom 12:19; Eph 4:26.

3 Mt 4:7; 26:52; Rom 13:11-14.

4 Gen 9:6; Ex 21:14; Rom 13:4.

Question 106. But does this commandment speak only of killing?

By forbidding murder God teaches us that he hates the root of murder, such as envy, hatred, anger, and desire of revenge, and that he regards all these as murder.

Tanong 106. Ang utos bang ito ay tumutukoy lamang sa pagpatay?

Sa pagbabawal sa pagpatay itinuturo ng Diyos sa atin na kinamumuhian niya ang ugat ng pagpatay, tulad ng inggit, pagkamuhi, galit, at pagnanasang maghiganti, at itinuturing Niya ang lahat ng ito bilang pagpatay.

1 Prov 14:30; Rom 1:29; 12:19; Gal 5:19-21; Jas 1:20; 1 Jn 2:9-11.

2 1 Jn 3:15.

Question 107. Is it enough, then, that we do not kill our neighbour in any such way?

No. When God condemns envy, hatred, and anger, he commands us to love our neighbour as ourselves, to show patience, peace, gentleness, mercy, and friendliness toward him, to protect him from harm as much as we can, and to do good even to our enemies.

Tanong 107. Ngunit ito lang ba ang hinihingi: na hindi lang natin patayin ang ating kapwa?

Hindi. Nang kinondena ng Diyos ang inggit, pagkamuhi, at galit, iniuutos rin Niya sa atin na ibigin natin ang ating kapwa tulad ng sa sarili, magpakita ng pagtitiis, kapayapaan, kaamuhan, kaawaan, at pakikipagkaibigan sa ating kapwa, ingatan ang ating kapwa mula sa sakuna sa abot ng ating makakaya, at gawan ng mabuti pati na ang ating mga kaaway.

1 Mt 7:12; 22:39; Rom 12:10.

2 Mt 5:5; Lk 6:36; Rom 12:10, 18; Gal 6:1, 2; Eph 4:2; Col 3:12; 1 Pet 3:8.

3 Ex 23:4, 5; Mt 5:44, 45; Rom 12:20.