Sermon Tone Analysis

Signs Of An Idiot

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Scripture:

Background:

Challenge Audience:

I.

The Simple

Hebrew Word: פֶּ֫תִי

BDB: Open-minded to folly, believing every word, naive, ignorant.

Kidner, “ The verb formed from this word means to deceive or seduce, as our word for fooling someone).

Signs of being Simple:

You Believe Everything You Hear.

Proverbs 14:15 The simple believes everything, but the prudent gives thought to his steps.

Kidner, “Mentally, he is naïve (‘the simple believes everything, but the prudent looks where he is going’,

You Don’t Pay Attention To Risk.

Proverbs 22:3 The prudent sees danger and hides himself, but the simple go on and suffer for it.

My Jumping the Playground Illustration:

You Learn Only By Experience:

Proverbs 19:25 Strike a scoffer, and the simple will learn prudence; reprove a man of understanding, and he will gain knowledge.

Kidner, “Because of his lazy thoughtlessness, he may need a visual aid to bring him to repentance.

You Are Willfully Irresponsible.

Kidner, “The Simple will graduate to a more serious condition: ‘The simple acquire folly’ for one does not stay still: a man who is emptyheaded will end up wrongheaded.

Kidner, “morally, ‘the waywardness of the simple shall slay them’,”

Proverbs 1:32 For the simple are killed by their turning away, and the complacency of fools destroys them;

Kidner, “The classic picture of the ‘simple’ is chapter 7, where he is seen at his most typical: aimless, inexperienced, drifting into temptation—indeed almost courting it.

Application:

Kidner, “In short, the simple is no halfwit; he is a person whose instability could be rectified, but who prefers not to accept discipline in the school of wisdom (1:22–32).

Are you Simple?

Believing everything you hear.

Closing your eyes to the risks around you.

Learning only by experience.

Willfully being irresponsible.

II.

The Fool

Hebrew Term #1: כְּסִיל

BDB: stupid fellow, dull, fool; obstinate.

Fools in their Heads.

(How a Fool Thinks)

A fool is constantly dreaming.

Proverbs 17:24 The discerning sets his face toward wisdom, but the eyes of a fool are on the ends of the earth.

Kidner, “The fool cannot concentrate.

Fools hate knowledge.

“Fools hate knowledge” Pr 1:22

Proverbs 18:2 A fool takes no pleasure in understanding, but only in expressing his opinion.

A Fool has high opinion of his opinion.

‘Why does a fool offer the sage a fee, when he has no mind to learn?’ 17:16, Moffatt

Proverbs 15:14 The heart of him who has understanding seeks knowledge, but the mouths of fools feed on folly.

Proverbs 15:2 The tongue of the wise commends knowledge, but the mouths of fools pour out folly.

Proverbs 13:16 Every prudent man acts with knowledge, but a fool flaunts his folly.

Kidner, “So he ‘laps up’ his opinions unreflectingly (see note on 15:14), and pours them out freely (15:2), unaware that he is only displaying his folly as a trader spreads out his goods (13:16).

Fools in Society! (How a Fool Interacts)

A Fool is blind how he/she comes across to others.

Kidner, “His sage remarks either fall flat or turn round on him; but he will never realize this.

Proverbs 26:7 Like a lame man’s legs, which hang useless, is a proverb in the mouth of fools.

Proverbs 26:9 Like a thorn that goes up into the hand of a drunkard is a proverb in the mouth of fools.

A Fool cannot be told he/she is wrong.

Proverbs 17:10 A rebuke goes deeper into a man of understanding than a hundred blows into a fool.

Kidner, “A fool cannot imagine himself mistaken.”

Proverbs 12:15 The way of a fool is right in his own eyes, but a wise man listens to advice.

Proverbs 29:9 If a wise man has an argument with a fool, the fool only rages and laughs, and there is no quiet.

Kidner, “The root of his trouble is spiritual, not mental.

He likes his folly, going back to it ‘like a dog that returns to his vomit’ (26:11); he has no reverence for truth, preferring comfortable illusions.

A Fool is Stubborn.

Prov.

17:12 “12 Let a man meet a she-bear robbed of her cubs rather than a fool in his folly.”

Proverbs 27:22 Crush a fool in a mortar with a pestle along with crushed grain, yet his folly will not depart from him.

Kidner, “In society the fool is, in a word, a menace.

At best, he wastes your time: ‘you will not find a word of sense in him’ (14:7, Moffatt); and he may be a more serious nuisance.

If he has an idea in his head, nothing will stop him:—whether that folly is some prank that is beyond a joke (10:23), or some quarrel he must pick (18:6) and run to death (29:11)

Kidner, “Some people, however, cannot disown him; it is their tragedy.

To his father and mother the fool brings sorrow (10:1; 17:21), bitterness (17:25) and calamity (19:13).

It is the price of loving him; but it causes him no qualms—he despises them (15:20).

Proverbs 17:25 A foolish son is a grief to his father and bitterness to her who bore him.

Proverbs 19:13 A foolish son is ruin to his father.

Proverbs 15:20 A wise son makes a glad father, but a foolish man despises his mother

Hebrew Term #2: אֱוִיל (ea vil)

Kidner, “Yet the present term is, if anything, a darker one than kĕsîl, as used in Proverbs.

Kidner, 19 times.

Like kĕsîl , stupidity and stubbornness; with the addition of ‘destructive folly.’

BDB: foolish— fool (always morally bad), who despises wisdom & discipline, mocks at guilt 14:9; is quarrelsome 20:3; licentious 7:22; it is folly & useless to instruct him 16:22; 27:22 (19 times Pr); cf. also Je 4:22; Jb 5:2, 3; Is 19:11 ψ 107:17.

The Fool is Destructive

Proverbs 14:1 The wisest of women builds her house, but folly with her own hands tears it down.

Proverbs 20:3 It is an honor for a man to keep aloof from strife, but every fool will be quarreling.

Proverbs 12:16 The vexation of a fool is known at once,

Proverbs 27:3 A stone is heavy, and sand is weighty, but a fool’s provocation is heavier than both.

Provocation is defined as something that gets someone to act, especially out of irritation.

The act of provoking, inciting or annoying someone into doing something.

Making a mountain out of a mole hill.

Mosquito’s buzzing can prompt you to swat it is an example of provocation.

Kidner, “The fool gives himself away as soon as he opens his mouth (17:28; 24:7; cf.

10:14), and he is as quarrelsome for he knows no restraint (20:3; 12:16) and has no sense of proportion (27:3; 29:9).

The Fool is Flippant with their Sin.

Kidner, “The feature that seems specially prominent is his moral insolence: from his first appearance onwards he is impatient of all advice (1:7), and his flippant outlook is crystallized in the famous phrase, ‘fools make a mock at sin’ (14:9).”

Proverbs 1:7 The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge; fools despise wisdom and instruction.

Proverbs 14:9 Fools mock at the guilt offering, but the upright enjoy acceptance.

Hebrew Term #3: נָבָל nāvāl.

This word occurs only three times in Proverbs (its verb, 30:32, appears once)

Proverbs 17:7 Fine speech is not becoming to a fool; still less is false speech to a prince.

Psalm 14:1 The fool says in his heart, “There is no God.”