Untitled Sermon
Introduction
Main Point: God calls effectually to Himself through Jesus so that anyone who believes will receive eternal life
Point 1: No one can come to Jesus unless the Father draws Him
Jesus proceeds to explain what kind of ‘drawing’ (v. 44) the Father exercises. When he compels belief, it is not by the savage constraint of a rapist, but by the wonderful wooing of a lover
The passage is here applied typologically: in the New Testament the messianic community and the dawning of the saving reign of God are the typological fulfillments of the restoration of Jerusalem after the Babylonian exile.
Point 2: The Father draws by speaking and teaching through the Son
Verse 45 must not be interpreted to mean that a person may enjoy a direct, personal, mystical knowledge of God apart from the revelation that has been given in Jesus, not even if in consequence of such an experience he or she then becomes a follower of Jesus. Only Jesus has seen the Father; no-one has seen God except the one who is from God (cf. 1:18; 3:13; 14:7ff.). Jesus himself is the mediator of such knowledge: he is the one who ‘narrates’ God (cf. 1:18; 12:45). Thus, however much people are unable to ‘hear’ Jesus because of their moral delinquency (8:43), however much they can hear him only if they are ‘taught by God’, it is simultaneously true to say that they are ‘taught by God’ if and only if they truly ‘hear’ Jesus
Point 3: Anyone who believes in Jesus will inherit eternal life
Notwithstanding the strong note of predestinarian thought in the preceding verses, this is an implicit invitation to believe, an implicit warning against unbelief.
Yet despite the strong predestinarian strain, it must be insisted with no less vigour that John emphasizes the responsibility of people to come to Jesus, and can excoriate them for refusing to do so (e.g. 5:40).