001 Introduction to New Testament Survey

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I am putting this study together with the assumption that you know nothing.
I have learned not to assume.
There are some things that people just won’t ask so I want to make sure we are clear.
If I use a term you don’t understand, please ask!

What & Why?

A survey is simply an overview of a book or books.

In this case it is an overview of the New Testament.
We will be cruising at 30,000 ft sometimes and other times we will come in closer. Possibly even circle an area for a bit.

We are looking for the unity and progression of God’s story.

This helps us put the pieces together when we study.

Learning from Timothy’s example.

2 Timothy 1:5 ESV
5 I am reminded of your sincere faith, a faith that dwelt first in your grandmother Lois and your mother Eunice and now, I am sure, dwells in you as well.

1. Timothy was taught scripture and discipled well by his mother and grandmother.

2 Timothy 2:2 ESV
2 and what you have heard from me in the presence of many witnesses entrust to faithful men, who will be able to teach others also.

2. Timothy was taught scripture and discipled well by Paul.

2 Timothy 3:16 ESV
16 All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness,

3. Timothy knew the power and usefulness of Scripture.

1 Timothy 4:16 ESV
16 Keep a close watch on yourself and on the teaching. Persist in this, for by so doing you will save both yourself and your hearers.

4. Paul still told Timothy to keep a close watch on his own teaching.

2 Timothy 2:15 ESV
15 Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a worker who has no need to be ashamed, rightly handling the word of truth.

5. Paul still told Timothy to work hard to cut the Word of Truth correctly.

Paul was a tentmaker.
He was used to cutting material with the big picture in mind.
A survey of the New Testament will help you do that.
If Paul told Timothy to be careful, then we should be careful too.

An overview of the New Testament.

The New Testament is made up of 27 books that are divided into 5 sections.

The Gospels (Matthew - John)
History (Acts)
Pauline Epistles (Romans - Philemon)
General Epistles (Hebrews - Jude)
Prophecy (Revelation)

More information about the five sections.

The Gospels are the account of Jesus’ life written from 4 different viewpoints.

The epistles (excluding Hebrews)...
Start with a personal greeting.
Clearly identify the sender and recipient.
Also start with a prayer or a blessing.
Often include a farewell.
The Pauline Epistles can be divided into two sections.
The Prison Epistles (Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon)
The Pastoral Epistles (1 & 2 Timothy, and Titus)
Prison epistles were written while Paul was in prison.
It is generally accepted that they were written during Paul’s firs Roman imprisonment.
The prison epistles are written from a seasoned pastor and church planter to two young pastors.

The authors of the New Testament.

Mathew: Matthew

Mark: Mark

Luke: Luke, Acts

John: John, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Revelation

Peter: 1 Peter, 2 Peter

James: James

Jude: Jude

Paul: Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon

Unknown: Hebrews

Key terms used in the New Testament:

Intertestamental Period: The period between Malachi and Matthew.

Also known as the 400 silent years.

The gospel: The good news of Salvation.

The Gospels: The four books beginning the New Testament that contain the “Good news story” of Jesus.

Synoptic Gospels: describes the similarities or synergy of the four gospels.

Epistle : a letter

Internal evidence: Evidence within the book that answers questions.

External evidence: Evidence outside the book that answers questions.

Publican: A jew who collected taxes for the Romans.

Pharisees: 1. A religious party among the Jews who prided themselves on their strict adherence to the law and their careful avoidance of anything gentile.

2. Believed in immortality, resurrection of the body, and existence of angels and spirits.

3. Considered the authority of oral tradition to be equal to that of the written law.

4. Their teaching tended to reduce religion to the observance of many ceremonial rules and encourage self-sufficiency and spiritual pride.

Sadducees: 1. A party or caste among the Jews consisting of old high-priestly families, aristocratic families, and merchants—the wealthier elements of the population.

2. Held to the letter of Mosaic revelation and denied the authority of ancient tradition.

3. Didn't believe in angels and spirits, and didn't think the doctrine of immortality was a necessary part of the Jewish faith. 4. It was through their influence that the Greek culture spread in Israel.

Sanhedrin: 1. The Jewish senate and highest native court in both civil and ecclesiastical matters. Made up of 70 members.

2. Under presidency of the high priest it regulated all of the internal affairs of the Jewish nation.

3. At the time of the Lord, the Pharisees had the biggest influence on the Sanhedrin. 4. At the time of the Lord, could not execute anyone

Scribes: Learned men whose business was to study the Law, transcribe it, and write commentaries on it. They were also hired on occasions when the need for a written document arose or when an interpretation of a legal point was needed.

Pharisees vs Sadducees

Similarities
Almost always at odds with each other.
Both were religious sects.
Both honored the law of Moses.
Both served on the Sanhedrin.
Both believed there was only one true God of Abraham.
Both believed God would bless the obedience and punish the disobedience of Israel.
Differences:
Pharisees relied on oral tradition as much as written word.
Sadducees were more conservative and only believed in written word.
Pharisees believed in the resurrection of the dead.
Sadducees denied the afterlife.
Matthew 22:23 ESV
23 The same day Sadducees came to him, who say that there is no resurrection, and they asked him a question,
Acts 23:6–8 ESV
6 Now when Paul perceived that one part were Sadducees and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, “Brothers, I am a Pharisee, a son of Pharisees. It is with respect to the hope and the resurrection of the dead that I am on trial.” 7 And when he had said this, a dissension arose between the Pharisees and the Sadducees, and the assembly was divided. 8 For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, nor angel, nor spirit, but the Pharisees acknowledge them all.
Pharisees were made up of common people.
Sadducees were made up of elitists and wealthy people.
Pharisees were not friendly with Rome.
Sadducees were more tolerant of Rome.
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