The Gospel of Luke
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Introduction
Introduction
Luke
A physician (Col 4:14) and a colleague of Paul (2 Tim 4:11).
A researcher v1
Wrote 2 NT books.
Theophilus
Hellenists
60-70AD - Likely 60-63AD
Luke was a physician (Col 4:14) and a colleague of Paul (2 Tim 4:11).
Luke compiled his gospel through research. (compile v1, write an orderly account v3)
Luke wrote 2 NT books - The Gospel of Luke and The book of Acts.
These book comprise about 27.5% of the NT.
Luke’s specific audience was Theophilus. (Lover of God) Also Acts 1
Luke wrote 2
A high ranking government official in Greece or Rome
Luke’s general audience was the Hellenist (Greek speaking and culture)
Golden Age of Greece 500BC-300BC
Greece Colonized and Democracy Begins (750-508BC)
Persian Wars (c.500-480BC)
Pericles and the Peloponnesian War (461-404BC)
Greek Philosophers (450-322BC)
NT Timeline
Powers
Greeks - Language
Israel - Hopes
Romans - Roads
Luke was likely written between 60-70AD (I think 60-63AD)
Theological Outline (24 chapters 6 parts)
Theological Outline (24 chapters 6 parts)
I.BIRTH STORIES 1–2
II.PREPARATION 3
III.IN GALILEE 4–9
IV.TRAVELING TO JERUSALEM 10–19
V. IN JERUSALEM 20–21
VI.PASSION 22–24
Birth Stories
Birth Stories
Luke’s gospel gives us the fullest account of Jesus’ birth.
This speaks to the humanity of Jesus - Luke 2:52
52 And Jesus increased in wisdom and in stature and in favor with God and man.
The Gospel’s Focus
Matthew - The Messianic King
Mark - The Son of God
Luke - The Son of Man
John - The Fully Divine Son of God
The 1st Council of Nicea 325AD
Arianism is the belief that Christ was somewhat like God, but not fully God. Instead, he was the highest of all created beings.
3 He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,
Preparation
Preparation
John the Baptist prepares the way
He quotes the prophet Isaiah in Luke 3:4 - Prepare the way of the Lord.
Jesus Baptism - Luke 3:21-22
21 Now when all the people were baptized, and when Jesus also had been baptized and was praying, the heavens were opened, 22 and the Holy Spirit descended on him in bodily form, like a dove; and a voice came from heaven, “You are my beloved Son; with you I am well pleased.”
In Galilee
In Galilee
The temptation of Jesus in the wilderness.
The rejection of Jesus at Nazareth.
31 And he went down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And he was teaching them on the Sabbath,
He heals, preaches, calls his disciples, heals, preaches and teaches.
43 but he said to them, “I must preach the good news of the kingdom of God to the other towns as well; for I was sent for this purpose.”
Chapter 9 - He sends out his apostles to preach and heal.
Then he announces he will die twice Luke 9:22, 44
22 saying, “The Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and on the third day be raised.”
He then tells his followers twice they must consider the cost Luke 9:23ff, 53ff
23 And he said to all, “If anyone would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross daily and follow me.
Traveling To Jerusalem
Traveling To Jerusalem
1 After this the Lord appointed seventy-two others and sent them on ahead of him, two by two, into every town and place where he himself was about to go.
22 He went on his way through towns and villages, teaching and journeying toward Jerusalem.
More teaching on the cost of following Jesus - Luke 14:25ff
11 On the way to Jerusalem he was passing along between Samaria and Galilee.
15 Now they were bringing even infants to him that he might touch them. And when the disciples saw it, they rebuked them. 16 But Jesus called them to him, saying, “Let the children come to me, and do not hinder them, for to such belongs the kingdom of God. 17 Truly, I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God like a child shall not enter it.”
Jesus tell about his death a third time Luke 18:31-34
He was near Jerusalem Luke 19:11
11 As they heard these things, he proceeded to tell a parable, because he was near to Jerusalem, and because they supposed that the kingdom of God was to appear immediately.
In Jerusalem
In Jerusalem
Jesus was teaching and preaching in the temple and the religious officials asked him if he had permission. Luke 20:1-3
37 And every day he was teaching in the temple, but at night he went out and lodged on the mount called Olivet.
Passion
Passion
Is used to cover the arrest, trial, and crucifixion of Jesus in the Gospels.
2 And the chief priests and the scribes were seeking how to put him to death, for they feared the people.
46 Then Jesus, calling out with a loud voice, said, “Father, into your hands I commit my spirit!” And having said this he breathed his last.
53 Then he took it down and wrapped it in a linen shroud and laid him in a tomb cut in stone, where no one had ever yet been laid.
Luke 24 is about the resurrection.
Why was Jesus able to rise from the dead?
He was sinless
Death had no claim on him.
Romans 6:23 (ESV)
23 For the wages of sin is death,
But it does have a claim on you.
23 For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.
But Jesus offers you a gift.
Themes
Themes
Women are important image bearers.
Women are important image bearers.
Luke emphasizes the role of women in a culture that viewed them as unimportant.
Mary the mother of Jesus, Elizabeth, and Anna in the birth stories.
The sisters Mary and Martha the sister of Lazarus. (10:38-40)
Mary Magdalene (8:2ff)
An unnamed widow (7:11ff)
An unnamed woman with a disability (13:11)
The poor widow who gave all she had (21:1-4)
Women are in the parables of the lost coin (15:8ff), and the unjust judge (18:1ff)
The Poor
The Poor
Jesus preached the gospel to the the poor (4:18, 7:22)
Jesus bless the poor (6:20) and pronounces woe on the riche (6:24)
Jesus himself was born poor (2:24)
Salvation for All
Salvation for All
Syrian - Luke 4:25-27
Romans - Luke 7:2-10
Samaritans - 9:51-54, 10:30-37, 17:16
All Nations - Luke 24:47
47 and that repentance for the forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem.