in whom also you, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, in whom also when you believed you were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit,
When you heared and believed in the gospel ( the good news of Jesus Christ) God marked you with the promised Holy Spirit!
Hear - ἀκούω akouō) is the primary means by which people receive divine revelation (Matt 13:13, 15; 1 John 1:1). In the context of learning, hearing (akouō) is the means by which people receive insight and knowledge.
Why did God give us his Holy Spirit ?
Ephesians 1:14 LEB
who is the down payment of our inheritance, until the redemption of the possession, to the praise of his glory.
The Holy Spirit is given as a pledge , down payement, first installement , guarantee of our inheritance with God!
Our inheritance / heritage with God is many things!
Ruling with God in the New Earth (Revelation 20:4-6)
2. Recieving New bodies
(2 Corinthians 5) and more!
In Jesus we have eternal life! One day we will live the full reality of that truth in every way , God promises / guarantees we will by giving us The Holy Spirit , all to praise God for he who he is!